Tactical debate: Footnotes

1. From Chief Wallentine’s Jan. 30, 2008, e-newsletter, Xiphos.

2. As related to me by former Gunsite staff instructor (1978-1982) Emanuel Kapelsohn.

3. This number was related to me precisely and separately by former academy staffers Bert DuVernay and Tom Aveni.

4. Using a 9mm S&W M&P pistol with the standard factory trigger, muzzle at the target stand’s base for the muzzle depressed part of the drill. Target was 8.5 by 18 inches; top of target at 5 feet, 9 inches above the ground.

5. I had thought that I would be faster on the muzzle depressed part of the drill if I compressed my arms and canted my wrist, and basically extended my arms to the target to fire, compared with keeping my arms straight and raising them at full extension. I was wrong. The arms straight method was faster.

6. “Time to Start Shooting? Time to Stop Shooting,” Lewinski and Hudson, Police Marksman September/October 2003, pages 26-29, and “The Impact of Visual Complexity, Decision Making and Anticipation, Lewinski and Hudson,” Police Marksman, November/December 2003, pages 24-27. These articles are available from the FSRC website, www.forcescience.org.

7. “Involuntary Firearms Discharge—Does the Finger Obey the Brain?” Heim, Niebergall & Schmidtblercher, The Firearms Instructor, Issue 43 (in print January 2008), pages 34-39

8. “Involuntary Muscle Contractions and the Unintentional Discharge of a Firearm,” Roger Enoka, Law Enforcement Executive Forum (2003, 3(2)), pages 27-39

9. In Combat Handguns. I can’t recall the exact date.

10.Thanks to Lou Chiodo for helping me crystallize this and other points. My opinions don’t necessarily reflect Lou’s.

11. Review of Shooting Incidents in the Department of Justice (2004), found at: http://www.usdoj.gov/oig/reports/plus/e0410/final.pdf

12. These were the easy to get annual data; I believe every year’s version includes AD stats.

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